Trees and plants in tuscia, A work by the students of IIS F. ORIOLI, Viterbo, Italy

1. Trees and plants
in Tuscia
The territory of Tuscia is
varied and presents
landscapes of hills,
mountains, lakes and sea.
For this reason the flora is varied
and different, according to the area.
Every season offers beautiful impressive landscapes
with flowered, scented or lively images of precious

2. A large part of the territory is covered by forests but also by
cultivated hectares , whose growth is helped by abundant
rainfalls, sunny and mild climate and soil fertility.
Agriculture produces many
kind of green salad and fruits,
such as tomatoes, potatoes,
peppers, artichokes, wheat,
sunflowers, cereals, apples,
watermelons, kiwis,
strawberries, cherries….
.

3. There are also high forests of oaks, pines, beech
trees, all of them of considerable size. Among
our ancient trees and plants there are those
considered a real richness because of their fruits.
Our natural environment is very beautiful and
many trees are related to the economic
development of the area.
In particular Olive tree, Chestnut and Hazelnut
are considered a richness for many villages
around Cimini Mountains and Lake Vico.
For this reason we look after them carefully.

4. Hazelnuts
• In Italy the cultivation of hazelnuts is
located mainly in the regions of Campania
and Lazio .
• In particular in Tuscia our economy is
largely based on its production and and
their fruits are sold to the main factories
using them all over the world, such as
Perugina and Lindt.
• The villages near Viterbo, where hazelnuts
are produced, are mainly located around
Cimini Mountains, such as Caprarola, Sutri,
Capranica and Nepi.
• These trees are well preserved because
they are considered very precious: so, each
year the landowners defeated them from
their usual diseases.

5. Hazelnut disease
The Gonocerus acuteangulatus hazelnuts
attacks all branches,leanes and fruits from
may.
The fight against Gonocerus acuteangulatus is
almost exclusively agronomic. However,in
casa of heavy infestation, farmers
can perform chemical treatments.

6. Olive tree• The Olive tree (Olea europaea ) is
a typically Mediterranean plant that
grows in countries such
as Italy, Spain, the south of France
and Greece.
• The cultivated Olive tree belongs to
the large family of oleaceae . The
30 species are divided into
two subspecies, the cultivated olive
tree (Olea europaea sativa) and wild
olive (Olea europaea oleaster).
• In our region it grows and is
cultivated almost everywhere,
around Cimini Mountains, Lake
Bolsena, around Viterbo countryside,
until the shores of Maremma.

7. Olive tree disease
• Olive fly ( Dacus oleae ) is the main and
the worst disease that strikes Olive tree
it feeds on the whole fruit.
• The struggle is both chemical and , in
recent years, we are experimenting with
biological control methods carried out
with the participation of natural enemies.

8. Chestnut
Chestnut is located in Southern Europe,
North Africa and Western
Asia. The chestnut are now much
reduced in Italy, though in recent years it
is rediscovered for productive and
economical purposes.
The regions in Italy where the cultivation
of chestnut fruit takes on
greater importance are Campania, Sicilia,
Lazio, Piemonte and Toscana.
Chestnut is a long-lived plant, up to 25
meters high, elliptical-shaped. In Tuscia it
grows on Cimini Mountains and it is linked to
economic richness of many villages set there.

9. Chestnut diseases
The chestnut gall wasp (Dryocosmus kuriphilus) , is
a small wasp considered one of the most
damaging insects .
it was found for the first time in 2002.
The damages that the insect does are very
important:it attacks all the tree, especially its
leaves and its fruits.
The last experiment to struggle this insect is
represented by the introduction of an antagonist
insect, the Torymus sinensis. The first results are
attended in 5 years.

10. Chestnut diseases
The chestnut gall wasp (Dryocosmus kuriphilus) , is
a small wasp considered one of the most
damaging insects .
it was found for the first time in 2002.
The damages that the insect does are very
important:it attacks all the tree, especially its
leaves and its fruits.
The last experiment to struggle this insect is
represented by the introduction of an antagonist
insect, the Torymus sinensis. The first results are
attended in 5 years.